Map of the Metro-2 system as supposed by the United States military intelligence in 1991. The hardened headquarters of Force Océanique Stratégique (FOST), France's nuclear ballistic submarine fleet, was located at Houilles, Yvelines, until 2000. The alternate national command center is located at Mont Verdun near Lyon. The Centre d'Opération des Forces Aériennes Stratégiques (COFAS) is a hardened command center for French nuclear forces at Taverny Air Base in Taverny, Val d'Oise. Given the likelihood that any third world war could escalate to (or even begin with) a nuclear exchange, from the early days of the Cold War it has been considered vital that countries which are potential targets for nuclear attack have a continuity of government (COG) plan in place, to ensure an orderly and clear line of succession in the event the head of state or government is killed in an attack. The resulting fallout is indicated, with the darkest zones considered "lethal." Continuity of government Homeland security and civil defence plansįEMA-estimated primary counterforce targets for Soviet ICBMs.
2.5 Exercises Grand Slam, Longstep, and Mainbrace.
1 Homeland security and civil defence plans.Scenarios ranged from conventional warfare to limited or total nuclear warfare or even leading to the destruction of civilization. It was anticipated and planned for by military and civil authorities in many countries. World War II (1939–45) proved that to be false, and with the advent of the Cold War (1947–91) and the adoption of nuclear weapons, the possibility of a third global conflict became more plausible. World War I (1914–18) was regarded at the time as the " war to end all wars" as it was believed there could never be another global conflict of such magnitude. However, a few writers have applied the term instead to the Cold War, arguing that it met the definition of a world war even though there was no direct armed conflict between the superpowers. This has been widely used as a premise or plot device in books, films, television productions, and video games. One of the first imagined scenarios, hypothesized shortly after or even during World War II, is a nuclear war between the United States and the Soviet Union, which emerged as superpowers following World War II. Another major concern is that biological warfare could cause a very large number of casualties, either intentionally or inadvertently by an accidental release of a biological agent or the unexpected mutation of an agent or its adaptation to other species after use. A common hypothesis is that a small number of people could survive such an armageddon, possibly in deep underground blast shelters or away from Earth such as on the Moon or Mars or in space vehicles. Because of the development and use of nuclear weapons near the end of World War II and their subsequent acquisition and deployment by several countries, it is feared that a third world war could cause massive global destruction and could even cause the end of and most or all human life on Earth. World War III ( WWIII, WW3 or the Third World War) is a hypothetical worldwide military conflict following World War II. For other uses, see World War III (disambiguation).
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